Florida Nursing Assistant Competency Pracrice Exam

What does "NPO" signify in a medical order?

1. No physical activity

2. No fluid intake

3. No medications

4. Nothing by mouth

The correct answer is: Nothing by mouth

"NPO" is a medical abbreviation derived from the Latin phrase "nil per os," meaning "nothing by mouth." This order is typically given to patients who need to refrain from all oral intake, including food, liquids, and medication, often in preparation for surgery, diagnostic tests, or certain medical conditions. The rationale behind this directive is to prevent complications such as aspiration during procedures where anesthesia is involved or to ensure an empty stomach for tests that require it. Understanding that "NPO" means nothing by mouth helps clarify the expectations for patient care and safety, particularly in clinical settings. It emphasizes the importance of monitoring patient needs and adhering to guidelines when administering care.